L'innesto è una pratica agronomic for asexual propagation of plants. The graft is to settle on a plant or rootstock that subject, object or a graft made of a portion of said branch scion, or bud eye, or that championship, coming from the plant you want to multiply. Is obtained in this way, one plant consists of two separate portions. The merger is due to callus that forms between the two cut surfaces, and precisely where to fit the bill meristems.
In floriculture gardening and fruit-grafting is widely adopted for propagation of woody plants, herbaceous ones rarely. The success of grafting depends well as a perfect technique in the right period (usually in spring or late summer, when plants that are 'suck in'), including biological affinity between subject and object, affinity decreases from grafts between varieties of same species grafts between species of the genus, up almost to zero between plants of different kinds.
the major types of grafting are:
1) A bud, or eye shield. It is practiced by the mother plant by taking a piece of bark bearing a gem-shaped shield, square or ring that is inserted under the skin of the subject after suitable cutting T.
- A whistle. Variant of the previous format with the scion from the entire ring of bark bearing the gem, practicing the slit on the opposite side of the gem.
2) for approx. Is feasible only between adjacent plants, as it must remove a section of bark to both parties, for uncovering the relevant changes that will have to match exactly.
3) A crown. It is cut to the desired height subject to 'suck in' so that the bark comes off easily from the trunk, tapering one or more slips of wood with some gems, including them with various techniques in a vertical cut between the cortex and the trunk of the subject.
4) A cell. The small slips are placed in a cell dug into the trunk.
5) A gap. It prepares the subject 'dormant' pollarded and doing the split with appropriate tools, then two slips are placed at the ends of the gap to match the regenerating areas.
6) A key (or split English). Precondition is to have subject and object of the same diameter, using a guide board, where he introduced scion and subject, and simultaneously practicing a slanted cut of 28-32%, then you run the incision a tab on the two parts fit perfectly together.
7) A saddle. It cuts the subject with an oblique cut, it also removes a strip of bark and sapwood with a diagonal cut longitudinally, prepare the scion so that it fits perfectly.
8) A bridge. Used to clean up tree trunks or branches, or rare specimens of great value in an area that has lost almost all of the cortex to trauma or diseases, is carried out with a stick or a sucker that serves as a bridge between the healthy parts.
An important connection is the "double slit English." Used primarily for cutting-grafts screws with a forcing. But also used on other fruit with good results. It is generally practiced on the branches of a year. Design: sull'internodo rootstock is basically a cut at 45 degrees, on this cut, from 2 / 3 more you practice a cut down almost parallel to the previous stopping just over half of the branch (It will consist of a sort of tongue). The scion branch formed by n about the same size bearing one or two gems are cut the same way so you do get the tab of the scion under the flap of the rootstock. The joint formed is very stable. If they comply with all the physiological conditions to take root is very high. Goals principal of the practice of grafting are:
- Spreading rapidly new varieties or cultivars are not yet fixed
- Provide a vigorous rootstock species / varieties
weak - in commercial production for a variety quickly replace it with another more lucrative
- Increase or reduce the development of some plants
- the survival of certain plants in environments unsuitable
- To stimulate the development of parts of the tree branches that are not equipped for various reasons
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Disaffinità engagement
disaffinità The engagement is taking root in the failure of the graft, and thus the failure of the graft. Conversely, the engraftment of the graft indicates the affinity of grafting.
Of course we must remember that the affinity is highest among the same species and between different species begins to decline.
disaffinità Mostly people think that is due to the emission of substances by one of two biological species, or bionti, which then causes problems to another killing. Another type of disaffinità may be due to the gap between the tissues with consequent breaking of the plants to the point of engagement. Finally, one last question may relate to the action parasites.
Of course we must remember that the affinity is highest among the same species and between different species begins to decline.
disaffinità Mostly people think that is due to the emission of substances by one of two biological species, or bionti, which then causes problems to another killing. Another type of disaffinità may be due to the gap between the tissues with consequent breaking of the plants to the point of engagement. Finally, one last question may relate to the action parasites.
Source: Wikipedia.org
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